Abstract Background Shared facilities are not recognised as improved sanitation due to challenges of maintenance as they easily can be avenues for the spread of diseases.Thus there is need to evaluate the quality of shared facilities, especially in informal settlements, where they are commonly used.A shared facility can be equated to a common good
Introduction: The finding of only sperm heads and/or short tails (SHST) during vasectomy reversal (VR) creates a difficult decision for the best method of vasal reconstruction, i.e.vasovasostomy (VV) or epididymovasostomy (EV).Using outcome analyses, we report the impact of SHST alone and combined with qualitative analysis of gross fluid quality in
Abstract Background Schistosomiasis is known to affect the cognitive functions of children, however, but there is paucity of information on its impact on early childhood development in developing countries where the disease is endemic.This study aimed at determining the effects of schistosomiasis due to Schistosoma haematobium on early childhood de
In recent years, applications of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) sensing technologies such as field asymmetric-waveform ion-mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) system in agriculture have accelerated.FAIMS auren3 system for VOCs sensing is attractive as it offers high sensitivity, selectivity, real-time monitoring, and portability.However, the developme
The neuronal olfactory epithelium undergoes permanent renewal because of environmental aggression.This renewal is partly regulated by factors modulating the level of neuronal apoptosis.Among them, we had previously characterized endothelin as neuroprotective.In this study, we explored the effect of cell survival factor deprivation in the olfactory